Browse all Smart Contract Security articles.
16 min read
Invariant Testing in Foundry Introduction In this article, we will discuss invariants and how to perform an invariant test on Solidity smart contracts using Foundry test suites. Invariant testing is...
Last updated on Oct 22, 2025The initializable smart contract design pattern Initializers are how upgradeable contracts achieve the behavior of a constructor. When deploying contracts, it's common to call a constructor to...
Last updated on Oct 22, 2025A bootcamp with a job guarantee is a bad idea Because the word "bootcamp" appears on some of our pages, we occasionally get asked if we have a job guarantee. We do not. Here are six reasons why we...
Last updated on Oct 22, 20258 min read
Layer 2 Calldata Gas Optimization Update for mid 2024: As of the Dencun upgrade, calldata optimization doesn't have as much of an impact since the transactions on most L2s are stored on blobs,...
Last updated on Oct 22, 2025How Tornado Cash Works (Line by Line for Devs) !tornado cash tutorial by rareskills Introduction to Tornado Cash Tornado Cash is a cryptocurrency smart contract mixer that enables users to deposit...
Last updated on Oct 22, 2025Low Level Call vs High Level Call in Solidity A contract in Solidity can call other contracts via two methods: through the contract interface, which is considered a high-level call, or by using the...
Last updated on Oct 22, 2025Mastering Solidity: Master the Computer Science Fundamentals First !put in the reps text with a punch bag I hate computer science! I'll spare you the traditional arguments for why you should study...
Last updated on Oct 22, 2025OpenZeppelin Ownable: Use Ownable2Step Instead The modifier is probably one of the most common patterns in Solidity. In the following example, the function can only be called by the address...
Last updated on Oct 22, 2025The second preimage attack for Merkle Trees in Solidity The _second preimage attack_ in Merkle trees can happen when an intermediate node in a Merkle tree is presented as a leaf. The name of this...
Last updated on Oct 22, 2025Delegatecall: The Detailed and Animated Guide This article explains how delegatecall works in detail. The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) offers four opcodes for making calls between contracts: * and...
Last updated on Oct 20, 2025The Architecture of the Compound V3 Smart Contract Introduction and prerequisites Compound is one of the most significant lending protocols in DeFi, having inspired the design of nearly every lending...
Last updated on Oct 8, 20254 min read
How Chainlink Price Feeds Work Chainlink price oracles are smart contracts with public view functions that return the price of a particular asset denominated in USD. Off-chain nodes collect the...
Last updated on Oct 8, 2025