Ed25519 Signature Verification in Solana Verifying Ed25519 Signatures in Solana Anchor Programs This tutorial shows how to verify an off-chain Ed25519 signature in a Solana program. In Solana, custom...

The Solana Token 2022 Specification Token-2022 is a new backward-compatible version of the SPL Token program that supports additional features in the form of extensions. The bytecode for these...

Time Travel Testing with LiteSVM In Solana, writing test cases that depend on the passing of time is tricky. We might want to test that something happens in our code after a day passes, but we can't...

Implementing Token Metadata with Metaplex We introduced the Metaplex metadata standard in the previous tutorial. In this one, we’ll create an SPL token and attach metadata to it using the Metaplex...

How Metaplex Metadata for Tokens Works We have deployed and interacted with SPL tokens, but none of them had a name, symbol, or any metadata attached. Instead, we identified each token by its mint...

Token Sale with Total Supply Tutorial A token sale program is a smart contract that sells a specific token, usually in exchange for a native token like SOL, at a fixed price. The sale runs until a...

How the SPL Token Works Solana Program Library Token (SPL Token) is Solana's standard for tokens: how to create tokens and how they should behave. It is Solana’s equivalent to Ethereum’s token...

Transferring SPL Tokens with Anchor and Web3.js In the previous tutorial, we learned how SPL tokens work. In this tutorial, we’ll implement a full SPL token lifecycle: create, mint, transfer, and...

Calculating the real reserves between two prices in the Uniswap V3 codebase In previous chapters, we derived formulas to calculate the real reserves of tokens X and Y between two prices in a segment....

Real reserves in Uniswap v3 In the last chapter, we introduced two new concepts: real reserves and virtual reserves. The real reserves of a segment are the amount of tokens contained in that segment—...

Real and virtual reserves in Uniswap v3 Uniswap v3 uses two types of reserves: real reserves and virtual reserves. Real reserves represent the actual amount of tokens present in a segment. Each...

Tick limits in Uniswap V3 The smallest tick in Uniswap v3 is -887,272 and the largest tick is 887,272. This chapter explains the rationale behind this range, which is based on finding the tick that...