Browse all Token articles.
14 min read
Invariants for ERC-721 Introduction In previous chapters, we explored how CVL invariants work: properties that must hold throughout all contract execution. Invariants can function as preconditions in...
12 min read
Partially Parametric Rules for ERC-721 Introduction This chapter is the final part (5/5) of the code walkthrough of OpenZeppelin’s ERC-721 CVL specification which formally verifies the following...
15 min read
ERC-20 Token on Starknet ERC-20 tokens on Starknet work the same way as on Ethereum. In fact, STRK (Starknet's fee token) is itself an ERC-20 token; there's no special "native" token at the protocol...
15 min read
Cairo Storage Variable Types In Starknet, Contract Storage is the persistent memory where your smart contract's state lives. Unlike variables declared inside a function which disappear after...
13 min read
Components Part 2: OpenZeppelin ERC-20 Tutorial In Component Part 1, we learned how to create and use a component within a single file. We built a from scratch and integrated its storage, events, and...
12 min read
Interest Bearing Token Part 1 The Token-2022 interest-bearing extension enables a token mint to automatically accrue interest on all token accounts for that specific mint. It uses an annual rate...
11 min read
Interest Bearing Token Part 2 The interest-bearing extension adds the ability for a token mint to accrue interest over time. In our previous discussion of Token-2022, we introduced the...
14 min read
Ed25519 Signature Verification in Solana Verifying Ed25519 Signatures in Solana Anchor Programs This tutorial shows how to verify an off-chain Ed25519 signature in a Solana program. In Solana, custom...
9 min read
The Solana Token 2022 Specification Token-2022 is a new backward-compatible version of the SPL Token program that supports additional features in the form of extensions. The bytecode for these...
13 min read
Time Travel Testing with LiteSVM In Solana, writing test cases that depend on the passing of time is tricky. We might want to test that something happens in our code after a day passes, but we can't...
9 min read
Implementing Token Metadata with Metaplex We introduced the Metaplex metadata standard in the previous tutorial. In this one, we’ll create an SPL token and attach metadata to it using the Metaplex...
13 min read
How Metaplex Metadata for Tokens Works We have deployed and interacted with SPL tokens, but none of them had a name, symbol, or any metadata attached. Instead, we identified each token by its mint...