Real and virtual reserves in Uniswap v3 Uniswap v3 uses two types of reserves: real reserves and virtual reserves. Real reserves represent the actual amount of tokens present in a segment. Each...

Bulkers in Compound V3 The bulker contracts in Compound V3 are multicall-like contracts for batching several transactions. For example, if we wanted to supply Ether, LINK, and wBTC as collateral and...

How Compound V3 Allocates COMP Rewards Compound issues rewards in COMP tokens to lenders and borrowers in proportion to their share of a market’s lending and borrowing. The algorithm is extremely...

ERC-1363 Standard Explained ERC-1363 enables a smart contract to detect and respond to an incoming transfer of tokens. !Cover Image for ERC-1363 Standard Explained article by RareSkills What problem...

How Uniswap V2 computes the mintFee Uniswap V2 was designed to collect 1/6th of the swap fees to the protocol. Since a swap fee is 0.3%, 1/6th of that is 0.05%, so 0.05% of every trade would go to...

Real reserves in Uniswap v3 In the last chapter, we introduced two new concepts: real reserves and virtual reserves. The real reserves of a segment are the amount of tokens contained in that segment—...

How Concentrated Liquidity in Uniswap V3 Works This article explains how Uniswap V3 implements concentrated liquidity. We assume the reader already understands Uniswap V2. To understand concentrated...

ERC-1155 Multi Token Standard The ERC-1155 standard describes how to create both fungible and non-fungible tokens then incorporate them into a single smart contract. This saves significant deployment...

get_D() and get_y() in Curve StableSwap This article shows algebraically step-by-step how the code for and are derived from the StableSwap invariant. Given the StableSwap Invariant: $$ An^n\sum x_i...

Square Root Price in Uniswap V3 In Uniswap V2, the protocol tracks token reserves and derives the spot price, $p_x=y/x$, and total liquidity, $L=xy$, where $x$ and $y$ are the reserves of tokens X...