The technical content top engineers rely on to level up.
4 min read
Require, Revert, and Custom Errors in Solana !Hero Image showing Error code and Macro In Ethereum, we often see a require statement restricting the values a function argument can have. Consider the...
5 min read
Visibility and "inheritance" in Rust and Solana !Rust function visibillity Today we will be learning how Solidity's function visibility and contract inheritance can be conceptualized in Solana. There...
3 min read
Rust function-like procedural Macros !Rust function-like procedural Macros This tutorial explains the distinction between functions and function like macros. For example, why does have an exclamation...
5 min read
Basic Rust for Solidity Developers !Hero image showing Rust : the easy parts This tutorial goes over the most commonly used syntax in Solidity and demonstrates the equivalent in Rust. If you want a...
5 min read
Rust Structs and Attribute-like and Custom Derive Macros !Rust attribute and custom-derive macros Attribute-like and custom derive macros in Rust are used to take a block of Rust code and modify it...
5 min read
Solana Hello World (Installation and Troubleshooting) !Solana Hello World This is a Solana hello world tutorial. We will walk you through the steps to install Solana and troubleshoot issues that may...
5 min read
Solana Anchor Program IDL !Hero Image showing Interface Definition Language The IDL (Interface Definition Language) is a JSON file that describes how to interact with a Solana program. It is...
6 min read
Arithmetic and Basic Types in Solana and Rust !Hero image showing the Solana logo and a calculator Today we will learn how to create a Solana program that accomplishes the same things as the Solidity...
4 min read
R1CS to Quadratic Arithmetic Program over a Finite Field in Python To make the transformation from R1CS to QAP less abstract, let’s use a real example. Let’s say we are encoding the arithmetic...
3 min read
Trusted Setup A trusted setup is a mechanism ZK-SNARKs use to evaluate a polynomial at a secret value. Observe that a polynomial $f(x)$ can be evaluated by computing the inner product of the...
22 min read
Elementary Set Theory for Programmers Why another set theory tutorial? The target audience for this piece is the sort of folks who don’t care about abstract math unless they see a direct use-case for...
17 min read
Quadratic Arithmetic Programs A quadratic arithmetic program is an arithmetic circuit, specifically a Rank 1 Constraint System (R1CS) represented as a set of polynomials. It is derived using Lagrange...